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The European Survey on Adverse Systemic Reactions in Allergen Immunotherapy (EASSI): A paediatric assessment

Pablo Rodríguez Del Río1, Carmen Vidal2, Jocelyne Just3

  • 1Allergy Section, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain.

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology : Official Publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
|September 18, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is safe for children and adolescents in real-world settings, with infrequent and mild side effects. Risk factors for reactions include pollen polysensitization and the use of natural extracts.

Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Pharmacovigilance

Background:

  • Real-world safety data for allergen immunotherapy (AIT) in pediatric populations is often inferred from adult studies.
  • This study addresses the need for specific safety data in children and adolescents undergoing AIT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and identify risk factors for systemic reactions (SRs) in pediatric patients initiating aeroallergen AIT in a real-life European setting.
  • To provide evidence-based safety information for AIT in children and adolescents.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective European survey assessed patients aged 18 or under starting aeroallergen AIT.
  • Data collected included patient profiles, types of AIT (SCIT/SLIT), allergens, and recorded systemic reactions (SRs).
  • Descriptive, univariate, and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors for SRs.

Main Results:

  • 1563 pediatric patients and 1578 AIT courses were analyzed, with a mean follow-up of 12.9 months.
  • Overall, 1.53% of patients experienced 29 SRs, predominantly respiratory and skin symptoms; anaphylaxis occurred in 3 cases.
  • Risk factors for SRs included pollen polysensitization (>3 allergens), grass pollen extracts, and use of natural extracts compared to allergoids.

Conclusions:

  • Real-life allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is safe in the pediatric population.
  • Systemic reactions associated with AIT in children are infrequent and generally not severe.
  • Pollen polysensitization, grass pollen extracts, and natural extracts are identified as risk factors for AIT-related SRs in this age group.
Abstract

Keywords:
Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activitiesadrenalineallergen immunotherapyanaphylaxischildrenrisk factorsubcutaneoussublingualsystemic reaction

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