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Updated: Mar 15, 2026

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Vestibular migraine.

M von Brevern1, T Lempert2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Park-Klinik Weissensee and Vestibular Research Group, Berlin, Germany.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|September 18, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vestibular migraine (VM) is a common cause of episodic vertigo, strongly linked to migraine. Diagnosis relies on patient history and excluding other conditions, with treatment focusing on migraine management.

Keywords:
dizzinessmigrainenystagmusvertigovestibular

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Vestibular migraine (VM) has emerged as a significant clinical entity.
  • Epidemiologic data confirm a strong association between migraine and vestibular symptoms.
  • VM is a leading cause of episodic vertigo.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of vestibular migraine.
  • To highlight diagnostic challenges and recent criteria.
  • To discuss clinical findings and treatment approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiologic data.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations and diagnostic criteria.
  • Examination of patient findings during acute and interictal phases.

Main Results:

  • Vestibular migraine is a common cause of episodic vertigo with heterogeneous presentations.
  • Diagnosis is based on clinical history and exclusion of other disorders, with recent criteria established.
  • Most patients exhibit central vestibular dysfunction during acute episodes.
  • Interictal findings may show mild central vestibular and ocular motor system damage, also seen in non-VM migraineurs.

Conclusions:

  • Vestibular migraine is a recognized disorder often presenting with central vestibular dysfunction.
  • Diagnosis remains clinical, emphasizing the need for established criteria.
  • Treatment strategies primarily target the underlying migraine disorder due to a lack of specific VM therapies.