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Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Assessing the Autonomic and Behavioral Effects of Passive Motion in Rats using Elevator Vertical Motion and Ferris-Wheel Rotation
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Motion sickness.

J F Golding1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, UK.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|September 18, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Motion sickness, characterized by nausea and vomiting, arises from sensory conflict. Understanding its mechanisms, evolutionary purpose, and individual susceptibility aids in developing effective countermeasures.

Keywords:
motion sicknessnauseatransportvestibularvisual displaysvomiting

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Human Physiology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Motion sickness, historically linked to sea travel, presents with nausea and vomiting.
  • It is triggered by diverse environments (land, sea, air, space) and emerging visual technologies.
  • The term "nausea" originates from the Greek word for ship, highlighting its long-standing association with maritime travel.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the signs, symptoms, and triggers of motion sickness.
  • To review the sensory conflict theory and new evidence on neural mechanisms.
  • To explore the evolutionary and theoretical reasons for motion sickness and factors influencing susceptibility.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on motion sickness mechanisms and triggers.
  • Analysis of evolutionary and theoretical perspectives on the purpose of motion sickness.
  • Examination of individual differences and patient group variations in susceptibility.
  • Evaluation of behavioral and pharmacological countermeasures.

Main Results:

  • Sensory conflict is the widely accepted mechanism underlying motion sickness.
  • New research identifies potential "sensory conflict" neurons and associated brain mechanisms.
  • Susceptibility varies significantly among individuals and specific patient populations (e.g., vestibular disorders, migraineurs).

Conclusions:

  • Motion sickness is a complex phenomenon with debated evolutionary significance.
  • Understanding its neural basis and individual variability is crucial for effective management.
  • A range of countermeasures exist, each with distinct advantages and disadvantages.