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Microscopical characterization of known postmortem root bands using light and scanning electron microscopy

Jack Hietpas1, JoAnn Buscaglia2, Adam H Richard1

  • 1Visiting Scientist Program, Counterterrorism and Forensic Science Research Unit, Federal Bureau of Investigation Laboratory Division, 2501 Investigation Parkway, Quantico 22135, VA, USA.

Forensic Science International
|September 18, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Postmortem root bands (PMRBs) in hair are caused by the degradation of the intermacrofibrillar matrix within the hair cortex. This finding helps differentiate true postmortem changes from environmental degradation.

Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Microscopy
  • Hair Analysis

Background:

  • Postmortem root banding (PMRB) is a microscopic hair feature.
  • Its occurrence during the postmortem interval is debated.
  • PMRBs have been significant in high-profile legal cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the microscopical properties of known PMRBs.
  • To understand the fundamental aspects of postmortem root band formation.
  • To differentiate PMRBs from environmentally degraded hair.

Main Methods:

  • Light microscopy of known PMRBs.
  • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of microtomed hair sections.
  • Analysis of the hair cortex and cuticle layers.

Main Results:

  • PMRB appearance is linked to the degradation of the intermacrofibrillar matrix (IMM).
  • This degradation occurs in the pre-keratin/keratogenous region of anagen hairs.
  • Degradation is confined to the hair cortex, sparing the cuticle.

Conclusions:

  • The study elucidates the mechanism of postmortem root band formation.
  • Identifies microscopic features to distinguish PMRBs from environmental degradation.
  • Provides valuable data for forensic hair analysis.
Keywords:
Hair microscopyPostmortem hair root bandTrace evidence

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