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Comparison of Quantity of Calcific Deposits by Multidetector Computed Tomography in the Aortic Valve and Coronary

Philippe J van Rosendael1, Vasileios Kamperidis2, William K F Kong3

  • 1The Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.

The American Journal of Cardiology
|September 19, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Patients with bicuspid aortic valves have greater aortic valve calcium and earlier calcification than those with tricuspid valves. This occurs independently of coronary artery calcium burden.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Radiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is a common congenital heart defect.
  • Aortic valve calcification is a significant concern in BAV disease.
  • Understanding calcification patterns is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare aortic valve and coronary artery calcium burden in patients with BAV versus tricuspid aortic valve (TAV).
  • To investigate the age of onset for aortic valve calcification in BAV versus TAV.
  • To assess the relationship between aortic valve calcification and coronary artery disease.

Main Methods:

  • Propensity score-matched analysis of patients undergoing multidetector computed tomography (MDCT).
  • Comparison of 70 BAV patients with 210 TAV patients.
  • Quantification of aortic valve calcium and assessment of coronary artery disease using MDCT.

Main Results:

  • BAV patients had significantly higher aortic valve calcium volume (391 mm³ vs 0 mm³, p <0.001).
  • Aortic valve calcification began at an earlier age in BAV patients (35-51 years).
  • Coronary artery calcium scores were higher in TAV patients (median 27 vs 0, p = 0.003).

Conclusions:

  • BAV is associated with a larger aortic valve calcium load and earlier onset of calcification compared to TAV.
  • These findings are independent of coronary artery calcification severity.
  • Calcific deposits are heavier in bicuspid valves than in tricuspid valves.

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