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Phage therapy against Enterococcus faecalis in dental root canals.

Leron Khalifa1, Mor Shlezinger2, Shaul Beyth3

  • 1Institute of Dental Science, The Hebrew University Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.

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Summary

Antibiotic resistance in dentistry, particularly from biofilm-forming bacteria like vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis, necessitates new treatments. Bacteriophage therapy shows promise for combating these difficult-to-treat infections.

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E. faecalisdental biofilmphage therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Dental Research

Background:

  • Antibiotic resistance is a critical global health challenge impacting all healthcare sectors, including dentistry.
  • Multidrug-resistant bacteria, such as vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE), form biofilms, leading to untreatable recurrent infections, especially in root canal treatments.
  • Current treatments are insufficient to overcome acquired antibiotic resistance genes and biofilm formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the development of bacteriophage (phage) therapy as a potential solution for antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.
  • To explore the efficacy of phages against bacterial biofilms, a major contributor to treatment failure.
  • To assess the potential application of phage therapy specifically against Enterococcus faecalis biofilms in dentistry, particularly in root canals.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on bacteriophage therapy against biofilms and multidrug-resistant bacteria.
  • Analysis of phages isolated against Enterococcus faecalis.
  • Discussion of the feasibility and advantages of using phages in dental applications, specifically for root canal infections.

Main Results:

  • Bacteriophage therapy has demonstrated high effectiveness against biofilms and multidrug-resistant bacteria.
  • Phages offer advantages such as ease of isolation and potential for genetic manipulation.
  • The application of phage therapy in dentistry, particularly for Enterococcus faecalis root canal biofilms, remains largely unexplored.

Conclusions:

  • Phage therapy presents a promising and effective alternative strategy to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria and biofilms in healthcare settings.
  • Further research into phages targeting Enterococcus faecalis biofilms is warranted for dental applications, especially for recurrent root canal failures.
  • Developing phage-based interventions is crucial for addressing the growing threat of untreatable bacterial infections in dentistry.