Synchrotron microbeam irradiation induces neutrophil infiltration, thrombocyte attachment and selective vascular
Daniel Brönnimann1, Audrey Bouchet1, Christoph Schneider2
1Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 2, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Abstract:
Our goal was the visualizing the vascular damage and acute inflammatory response to micro- and minibeam irradiation in vivo. Microbeam (MRT) and minibeam radiation therapies (MBRT) are tumor treatment approaches of potential clinical relevance, both consisting of parallel X-ray beams and allowing the delivery of thousands of Grays within tumors. We compared the effects of microbeams (25-100 μm wide) and minibeams (200-800 μm wide) on vasculature, inflammation and surrounding tissue changes during zebrafish caudal fin regeneration in vivo. Microbeam irradiation triggered an acute inflammatory response restricted to the regenerating tissue. Six hours post irradiation (6 hpi), it was infiltrated by neutrophils and fli1a(+) thrombocytes adhered to the cell wall locally in the beam path. The mature tissue was not affected by microbeam irradiation. In contrast, minibeam irradiation efficiently damaged the immature tissue at 6 hpi and damaged both the mature and immature tissue at 48 hpi. We demonstrate that vascular damage, inflammatory processes and cellular toxicity depend on the beam width and the stage of tissue maturation. Minibeam irradiation did not differentiate between mature and immature tissue. In contrast, all irradiation-induced effects of the microbeams were restricted to the rapidly growing immature tissue, indicating that microbeam irradiation could be a promising tumor treatment tool.
Insights
Microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) spares mature tissue, targeting only regenerating areas. Minibeam radiation therapy (MBRT) damages both mature and immature tissues, showing MRT
Area of Science:
- Radiation Oncology
- Vascular Biology
- Inflammation Research
Background:
- Microbeam (MRT) and minibeam radiation therapies (MBRT) utilize parallel X-ray beams for targeted tumor treatment.
- These techniques deliver high doses of radiation (thousands of Grays) within tumors.
- Understanding their differential effects on healthy and regenerating tissues is crucial for clinical application.
Purpose of the Study:
- To visualize and compare vascular damage and acute inflammatory responses to MRT and MBRT in vivo.
- To assess the impact of beam width and tissue maturation stage on irradiation effects.
- To evaluate the potential of MRT as a tumor treatment modality.
Main Methods:
- Zebrafish caudal fin regeneration model used for in vivo studies.
- Comparison of microbeams (25-100 μm) and minibeams (200-800 μm) irradiation effects.
- Assessment of vascular damage, neutrophil infiltration, and thrombocyte adhesion at 6 and 48 hours post-irradiation.
Main Results:
- Microbeam irradiation induced an acute inflammatory response confined to the regenerating tissue, with neutrophil and thrombocyte infiltration.
- Mature tissue remained unaffected by microbeam irradiation.
- Minibeam irradiation caused significant damage to both immature and mature tissues at 6 and 48 hours post-irradiation.
Conclusions:
- Vascular damage, inflammation, and cellular toxicity are dependent on radiation beam width and tissue maturation stage.
- Microbeam irradiation's selectivity for immature, regenerating tissue suggests its promise as a targeted tumor therapy.
- Minibeam irradiation lacks this selectivity, affecting both mature and immature tissues.
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