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Related Concept Videos

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells01:18

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells

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A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Isolation and Characterization of a Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Subpopulation Having Stem Cell Characteristics
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CD44: More than a mere stem cell marker.

I Morath1, T N Hartmann2, V Orian-Rousseau1

  • 1Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe, Germany.

The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
|September 20, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cluster of Differentiation 44 (CD44) promotes cancer stemness by binding to extracellular matrix components and growth factors. This interaction is crucial in maintaining malignant cell stemness in various cancers.

Keywords:
CD44Cancer stem cellsHyaluronanOsteopontinSolid tumorsleukemia

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • CD44 is a cell adhesion molecule vital for tumor progression and metastasis.
  • CD44 interacts with extracellular matrix components like hyaluronan (HA) and osteopontin (OPN).
  • HA and OPN are abundant in tumor microenvironments, maintaining cancer stemness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of CD44 in promoting cancer cell stemness.
  • To explore CD44 interactions with extracellular matrix components, growth factors, and cytokines.
  • To understand CD44's function in the leukemic stem cell niche and solid tumors.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on CD44.
  • Analysis of CD44's binding interactions with extracellular matrix and signaling molecules.
  • Examination of CD44's role in cancer stem cell maintenance.

Main Results:

  • CD44 binding to HA and OPN supports cancer cell stemness.
  • CD44 acts as a cancer stem cell marker in multiple cancer types.
  • CD44 interactions are key to maintaining the stemness of malignant cells.

Conclusions:

  • CD44 plays a significant role in promoting cancer stemness.
  • Understanding CD44's interactions is crucial for developing targeted cancer therapies.
  • CD44 is a promising therapeutic target for overcoming cancer metastasis and recurrence.