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Global Climate Change

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Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions

Published on: March 31, 2023

When Climate Reshuffles Competitors: A Call for Experimental Macroecology.

Jake M Alexander¹, Jeffrey M Diez², Simon P Hart³

¹Institute of Integrative Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.

Trends in Ecology & Evolution

|September 20, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Climate change alters species interactions, impacting ecological communities. New experiments are needed to predict these novel competition effects and improve species distribution models.

Keywords:

climate change competition demography range dynamics species distribution model

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Area of Science:

Ecology
Macroecology
Climate Change Biology

Background:

Climate change is predicted to cause novel species interactions.
Predicting the ecological impacts of these novel interactions is difficult with current methods.
Species distribution models (SDMs) often lack mechanistic understanding of species interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the need for experiments quantifying novel species interactions.
To propose an empirical agenda for studying novel competition.
To integrate competition into SDMs for better climate change impact predictions.

Main Methods:

Focus on interspecific competition as a key interaction.
Suggest experimental designs to quantify novel competitive effects.
Propose integrating findings into macroecological frameworks and SDMs.

Main Results:

Current inference methods for species interactions are limited under changing climate conditions.
Experimental data on novel competition can directly inform SDMs.
A convergence between macroecology and competition theory can advance mechanistic SDMs.

Conclusions:

Urgent need for experiments focused on novel species interactions, particularly competition.
Integrating experimental results into SDMs is crucial for predicting community responses to climate change.
Bridging experimental ecology, macroecology, and competition theory will improve ecological forecasting.