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Practical alternatives to chronic caloric restriction for optimizing vascular function with ageing.

Christopher R Martens1, Douglas R Seals1

  • 1Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.

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Calorie restriction (CR) improves vascular function with aging, but long-term adherence is difficult for humans. Alternative strategies may mimic CR

Keywords:
CR-mimeticsarterial stiffnessendothelial dysfunctionenergy sensingintermittent fasting

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Calorie restriction (CR) demonstrates significant physiological benefits with aging, notably enhancing vascular function in various organisms and humans.
  • However, sustained long-term CR is often impractical for humans due to adherence challenges and potential risks for normal-weight older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of CR on vascular function during aging.
  • To explore the molecular mechanisms, including 'energy- and nutrient-sensing' pathways, underlying CR's vascular benefits.
  • To discuss alternative interventions that may replicate CR's positive impact on aging vasculature.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on calorie restriction and vascular aging.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms related to energy and nutrient sensing.
  • Evaluation of evidence for alternative lifestyle and pharmacological interventions.

Main Results:

  • CR positively impacts vascular function with aging through specific molecular pathways.
  • Long-term CR adherence is a significant barrier in human populations.
  • Emerging alternative strategies show promise in mimicking CR's vascular benefits.

Conclusions:

  • While CR offers benefits for vascular aging, its practical application is limited.
  • Further research into alternative interventions is warranted to promote vascular health in aging populations.