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Related Concept Videos

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems01:23

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems

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Ophthalmic drug delivery faces major limitations due to poor absorption across the corneal membrane. This process is primarily driven by diffusion and is influenced by two main factors: the physicochemical properties of the drug and tear drainage. Most ophthalmic drugs, such as pilocarpine, epinephrine, atropine, and local anesthetics, are weak bases. They are typically formulated at an acidic pH to enhance chemical stability. However, this leads to high ionization, reducing their ability to...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Effect of Artificial Tear Formulations on the Metabolic Activity of Human Corneal Epithelial Cells after Exposure to Desiccation
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Decrease in tear bioavailability of ciprofloxacin in eyes with carbon containing eyeliners.

K F Tabbara1, H Cooper, A H Shareef

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Saudi Medical Journal
|September 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study is unavailable in digital format and can only be accessed as a scanned print document.

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Area of Science:

  • This study falls under the category of general medicine.

Background:

  • The full text of this article is only available as a scanned copy of the original print version.
  • No digital version is currently accessible.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide access to the original research findings.
  • To preserve the content of the print publication.

Main Methods:

  • The article was scanned from its original print format.
  • Digital imaging techniques were employed.

Main Results:

  • The full text is now available in a scanned digital format.
  • The original print content has been preserved.

Conclusions:

  • Access to the research is provided through a scanned document.
  • Further digitization efforts are not detailed.