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HIV-2-associated AIDS in the United States. The first case
P C Kloser1, A J Mangia, J Leonard
1Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark 07103-2757.
Archives of Internal Medicine
|August 1, 1989
Summary
Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 2 (HIV-2) can cause Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). This case highlights the importance of considering HIV-2 in patients with AIDS, especially when HIV type 1 (HIV-1) tests are inconclusive.
Area of Science:
- * Infectious Diseases
- * Virology
- * Immunology
Background:
- * Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 2 (HIV-2) is an uncommon cause of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in the United States.
- * Diagnosis can be challenging due to cross-reactivity with HIV type 1 (HIV-1) assays.
Observation:
- * A patient presented with symptoms consistent with AIDS, including opportunistic infections like cryptococcal meningitis and toxoplasmosis.
- * Initial serologic testing for HIV-1 was indeterminate.
- * Specific antibody testing confirmed HIV-2 infection.
Findings:
- * The patient was diagnosed with HIV-2-associated AIDS, presenting with severe CD4 lymphocytopenia and opportunistic infections.
- * This case represents the first documented instance of HIV-2-associated AIDS in the United States.
- * The diagnosis was confirmed through enzyme immunoassay and radioimmunoprecipitation for HIV-2 antibodies.
Implications:
- * Clinicians should consider HIV-2 in the differential diagnosis of AIDS, particularly in individuals with risk factors and equivocal HIV-1 test results.
- * This case underscores the pathogenic potential of HIV-2 in causing severe immunodeficiency and opportunistic infections.
- * Awareness and diagnostic vigilance for HIV-2 are crucial for timely and appropriate patient management.