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Son Preference in Pakistan; A Myth or Reality.

Khaula Atif¹, Muhammad Zia Ullah², Afeera Afsheen³

¹Dr. Khaula Atif, MBBS, MCPS, DPH, DMA. Department of General Administration, Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Peshawar, Pakistan.

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences

|September 21, 2016

Summary

This study found a strong son preference among women in Peshawar, Pakistan. Addressing this preference is key to reducing gender discrimination.

Keywords:

Female Discrimination. Gender Preference Sex-ratio-at-Birth (SRB)Under-developed countries

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Area of Science:

Sociology
Demography
Gender Studies

Background:

Son preference is a significant social issue in many cultures, influencing family planning and gender dynamics.
Understanding the factors contributing to son preference is crucial for developing effective interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the desire for sons versus daughters among women in Peshawar, Pakistan.
To investigate the impact of demographic characteristics on son/daughter preference.

Main Methods:

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 506 participants at Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar.
Data was collected using a self-designed questionnaire on desired number of sons/daughters and demographic details.
Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics and cross-tabulations to examine relationships between variables.

Main Results:

A significant son preference was observed, with an average of 3.05 sons desired compared to 1.15 daughters.
18.2% of respondents did not desire any daughters.
Client's education, husband's education, and socioeconomic class significantly influenced the desire for sons (p<0.001).

Conclusions:

The study confirms a clear son preference among women in Peshawar.
Addressing son preference is essential for mitigating gender discrimination within families and society.