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Mushroom Extracts Decrease Bone Resorption and Improve Bone Formation.

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Medicinal mushroom extracts show potential for osteoporosis treatment. Certain mushroom extracts inhibited bone-resorbing osteoclasts and promoted bone-building osteoblasts, reducing spinal bone loss in an animal model.

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Area of Science:

  • Integrative oncology and regenerative medicine
  • Natural product research
  • Bone biology and disease

Background:

  • Osteoporosis is a prevalent chronic disease with limited therapeutic options.
  • Mushroom extracts are recognized for their potential in treating chronic diseases.
  • Current osteoporosis therapies have variable efficacy and side effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the in vitro and in vivo effects of specific mushroom extracts on bone cells and osteoporosis.
  • To evaluate the impact of Trametes versicolor, Grifola frondosa, Lentinus edodes, and Pleurotus ostreatus extracts on osteoblasts and osteoclasts.
  • To assess the efficacy of mushroom extracts in an animal model of osteoporosis.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro studies using MC3T3-E1 cells, primary rat osteoblasts, and primary rat osteoclasts.
  • In vivo studies involving ovariectomized rats treated with mushroom blends.
  • Bone mineral density and microarchitecture assessment using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and micro computed tomography.

Main Results:

  • Mushroom extracts demonstrated no toxicity and promoted osteoblast proliferation at 24 µg/mL.
  • Extracts from T. versicolor, G. frondosa, and L. edodes inhibited osteoclast activity.
  • L. edodes extract enhanced osteoblast mineralization and osteocalcin production; reduced lumbar spine bone loss in vivo.

Conclusions:

  • Medicinal mushroom extracts exhibit anti-osteoporotic properties by modulating osteoblast and osteoclast activity.
  • L. edodes and G. frondosa extracts show promise in preventing bone loss, particularly in the lumbar spine.
  • Mushroom extracts could serve as complementary treatments or adjuncts to conventional osteoporosis pharmacotherapy.