Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Stimulants01:29

Stimulants

1.2K
Stimulants are substances that enhance neural activity and elevate dopamine levels in the brain, leading to their highly addictive nature. These drugs include cocaine, amphetamines, MDMA, caffeine, and nicotine, each with distinct mechanisms of action and varied health implications.
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...
1.2K
Toxic Reactions: Overview01:26

Toxic Reactions: Overview

3.5K
When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
3.5K
Toxicity Testing in Animals01:23

Toxicity Testing in Animals

98
Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...
98
Drug Toxicity: Risk factors01:24

Drug Toxicity: Risk factors

93
Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are potential complications that arise during pharmacotherapy, influenced by multiple risk factors. Age plays a significant role; both neonates and the elderly are at heightened risk due to their respective immature and diminished metabolic and elimination processes. Gender also impacts ADRs, with females experiencing a 1.5 to 1.7-fold greater risk than males, which may be linked to pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and hormonal differences. Notably, neonates, the...
93
Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants01:23

Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants

2.2K

Ganglionic stimulants activate NM nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia, falling into two categories: nicotine mimetics [e.g., lobeline, dimethylpiperazine, tetramethylammonium] and muscarinic receptor agonists [e.g., muscarine, methacholine]. The first category's action is rapid and blocked by nicotinic receptor antagonists, while the second category's action is delayed and blocked by atropine-like agents. Nicotine, an alkaloid, affects the heart rate by stimulating...
2.2K
Drug Toxicity: Dose-Dependent Reactions01:24

Drug Toxicity: Dose-Dependent Reactions

100
Drug toxicities can be stratified into pharmacological, pathological, or genotoxic based on their mechanisms. The incidence and severity of these toxicities generally increase with the drug's concentration in the body and exposure time.Pharmacological toxicity is evident when the therapeutic effects of drugs overshoot into adverse reactions in a predictable, dose-dependent manner. Central nervous system (CNS) depression from barbiturates is a classic example, with effects escalating from...
100

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Trump's gold standard science is harming US science and health.

BMJ (Clinical research ed.)·2026
Same author

Underutilization of Osteoporosis Screening in Patients With Severe COPD and Long Term Corticosteroid Use.

Journal of primary care & community health·2026
Same author

Prohibiting Artificial Stone Lawsuits: Making Silicosis Great Again.

New solutions : a journal of environmental and occupational health policy : NS·2026
Same author

Prevalence of obesity and related comorbidities in West Texas: a comparison study before and after COVID.

Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center)·2026
Same author

Renal Venous Hypertension and Kidney Dysfunction: Implications for Clinical Practice.

Cardiology in review·2026
Same author

The Effects Of Labor Unions On Nurse Staffing Ratios And Quality Of Care In US Nursing Homes, 2013-21.

Health affairs (Project Hope)·2026
Same journal

Comparing the Documentation of Phosphatidylethanol and Alcohol History in Hypertension Management in Primary Care: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Journal of primary care & community health·2026
Same journal

Listening to Patients: Perspectives on Obesity Management.

Journal of primary care & community health·2026
Same journal

Potentially Undiagnosed Obstructive Sleep Apnea Among Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic Men in the United States.

Journal of primary care & community health·2026
Same journal

IMPACT-DM: Improving Management of Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes (A1c ≥9%) Through Coordinated, Team-Based Care in Federally Qualified Health Centers.

Journal of primary care & community health·2026
Same journal

Apomediation in the Psychology Today Online Mental Health Provider Directory: Representation Gaps for Older Adults' Care in the United States.

Journal of primary care & community health·2026
Same journal

Determinants of Digital Health Literacy Among Hypertensive Adults: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Journal of primary care & community health·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Generation of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol by a Third-Generation Machine-Vaping Device: Application to Toxicological Studies
08:39

Generation of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol by a Third-Generation Machine-Vaping Device: Application to Toxicological Studies

Published on: August 25, 2018

26.6K

Electronic Cigarette Toxicity.

J Drew Payne1, David Michaels1, Menfil Orellana-Barrios1

  • 11 Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.

Journal of Primary Care & Community Health
|September 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) toxicity is rising, particularly in children. This study analyzes hazardous exposures and adverse health effects, highlighting the need for more safety data and regulation.

Keywords:
electronic cigarettesnauseapoisonsuicidetoxicityvomiting

More Related Videos

A Microcontroller Operated Device for the Generation of Liquid Extracts from Conventional Cigarette Smoke and Electronic Cigarette Aerosol
09:30

A Microcontroller Operated Device for the Generation of Liquid Extracts from Conventional Cigarette Smoke and Electronic Cigarette Aerosol

Published on: January 18, 2018

9.0K
Comparing the Effects of Electronic Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke in a Novel In Vivo Exposure System
10:44

Comparing the Effects of Electronic Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke in a Novel In Vivo Exposure System

Published on: May 24, 2017

12.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Generation of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol by a Third-Generation Machine-Vaping Device: Application to Toxicological Studies
08:39

Generation of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol by a Third-Generation Machine-Vaping Device: Application to Toxicological Studies

Published on: August 25, 2018

26.6K
A Microcontroller Operated Device for the Generation of Liquid Extracts from Conventional Cigarette Smoke and Electronic Cigarette Aerosol
09:30

A Microcontroller Operated Device for the Generation of Liquid Extracts from Conventional Cigarette Smoke and Electronic Cigarette Aerosol

Published on: January 18, 2018

9.0K
Comparing the Effects of Electronic Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke in a Novel In Vivo Exposure System
10:44

Comparing the Effects of Electronic Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke in a Novel In Vivo Exposure System

Published on: May 24, 2017

12.2K

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Public Health
  • Regulatory Science

Background:

  • Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are marketed as a safer alternative to traditional tobacco products.
  • Limited scientific data currently supports the purported health benefits of e-cigarettes.
  • There is an increasing trend in calls to poison control centers concerning e-cigarette toxicity, especially among pediatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of hazardous exposures related to electronic cigarettes.
  • To characterize the adverse health effects resulting from e-cigarette toxicity.
  • To inform public health strategies and regulatory considerations regarding e-cigarette use.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of reported cases of e-cigarette exposure.
  • Data collection from poison control centers and case reports.
  • Categorization and analysis of reported adverse health outcomes.

Main Results:

  • A significant increase in hazardous e-cigarette exposures over the past three years.
  • Identification of specific adverse health effects associated with e-cigarette toxicity.
  • Characterization of the demographic and clinical features of exposed individuals.

Conclusions:

  • The frequency of hazardous electronic cigarette exposures and associated toxicities is a growing public health concern.
  • Further research is critical to fully understand the health risks of e-cigarettes.
  • Enhanced regulatory oversight may be necessary to mitigate potential harms.