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Eclampsia in India Through the Decades.

P N Nobis1, Anupama Hajong1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Hospital, Christian Basti, Guwahati, Assam 781005 India.

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|September 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Eclampsia remains a significant concern in India, with no decrease in incidence or perinatal mortality over recent decades. While maternal mortality shows a slight reduction, eclampsia continues to pose a high risk.

Keywords:
EclampsiaIncidenceMaternal mortalityPerinatal mortality

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal Health
  • Public Health Research

Background:

  • Eclampsia is a prevalent condition in India, contributing to high rates of maternal and perinatal mortality.
  • There is a lack of community-based epidemiological data on eclampsia within India.
  • Existing research on eclampsia in India is primarily based on sporadic case reports and limited studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of eclampsia in India.
  • To assess maternal mortality rates associated with eclampsia.
  • To evaluate perinatal mortality rates in cases of eclampsia.

Main Methods:

  • Data compilation from published journal articles and conference abstracts from 1980 onwards.
  • Inclusion of proprietary data spanning from 1976 to 2014.
  • Yearly analysis of collected incidence, maternal mortality, and perinatal mortality data.

Main Results:

  • Eclampsia incidence in India reported between 0.179% and 5%, averaging 1.5% from 1976-2015.
  • Average eclampsia incidence increased from 0.92% (1980-1989) to 2.15% (2002-2010), indicating no reduction over time.
  • Maternal mortality decreased from 14.12% (1982) to 2.2-9% (2010), while perinatal mortality remained high (45% in 1984 to 24.5-48% in 2010).

Conclusions:

  • The overall incidence of eclampsia in India is approximately 1.5%.
  • Analysis from 1980-2015 reveals no significant decrease in eclampsia incidence or perinatal mortality rates.
  • A modest downward trend in maternal mortality has been observed, but perinatal outcomes remain a critical concern.