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Related Concept Videos

Stress Concentrations01:24

Stress Concentrations

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Stress concentration is when stress intensifies near discontinuities such as holes or abrupt cross-sectional changes in a structural member. This localized stress can often surpass the average stress within the member. The stress distribution in flat bars, either with a circular hole or varying widths connected by fillets, can be determined experimentally using a photoelastic method. The results are based on ratios of geometric parameters like the ratio of the hole's radius to the smaller...
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Stress Concentrations01:13

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The concept of stress concentration is crucial for understanding how materials respond under bending stresses, particularly when there are irregularities or discontinuities in the material's geometry. Normally, stress in a symmetric member subjected to pure bending is assumed to be uniformly distributed across the entire cross-section. However, this assumption does not hold when there are variations in the cross-sectional geometry or the presence of notches and holes.
The stress...
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Stress triggers a coordinated physiological response involving the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This dual activation ensures that the body is prepared for both immediate and prolonged stress management. The process begins with the perception of a stressor. This initial phase activates the SNS, leading to the rapid release of adrenaline (epinephrine) from the adrenal glands.
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Stress is a multifaceted response to events perceived as challenging or threatening, highlighting physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral reactions. Physically, stress can lead to fatigue, sleep disruptions, and various health issues such as frequent colds, chest pains, and nausea. Emotionally, it can manifest as anxiety, depression, irritability, and anger triggered by both minor and major life events. Cognitively, it may result in difficulty in concentration, memory, and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Use of Galvanic Skin Responses, Salivary Biomarkers, and Self-reports to Assess Undergraduate Student Performance During a Laboratory Exam Activity
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Decrease of DHEA-S concentration succeeding a micro-dose thumb exertion: mood-state determinants reflect

Adam Michael Szlezak1, Lotti Tajouri2, Siri Lauluten Szlezak2

  • 1Griffith Sports Physiology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4215 Australia.

Springerplus
|September 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A micro-dose of resistance exercise significantly reduced dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) levels in untrained individuals. Mood changes, particularly decreased tension and fatigue, correlated with these biomarker changes, suggesting potential for non-invasive exercise monitoring.

Keywords:
AffectBiomarkersDehydroepiandrosteroneExerciseInterleukin-6Weight lifting

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • Investigated the impact of a minimal resistance exercise dose on serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and interleukin-6 (IL-6).
  • Explored the relationship between mood state and these biomarkers to advance non-invasive exercise monitoring techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the acute effects of a micro-dose resistance exercise on serum DHEA-S, IL-6, and mood states.
  • To identify potential correlations between mood alterations and biomarker changes for developing novel exercise monitoring tools.

Main Methods:

  • A single-blinded, placebo-controlled study involving 30 male participants (20 trained, 10 untrained) divided into three groups.
  • Experimental groups (weightlifting-trained and untrained) performed brief isometric thumb exertions.
  • Measurements of serum DHEA-S, IL-6, and mood states (vigour, tension, fatigue) were taken over a 60-minute post-intervention period.

Main Results:

  • Serum DHEA-S decreased significantly in untrained participants post-exercise, remaining below baseline.
  • Tension and fatigue scores decreased in both trained and untrained groups, with delayed reductions observed in untrained individuals.
  • Serum IL-6 and vigour scores showed no significant changes; the placebo group exhibited no alterations in measured variables.

Conclusions:

  • A micro-dose of resistance exercise can acutely reduce serum DHEA-S concentrations within 60 minutes.
  • Mood state assessments, particularly in untrained individuals, may serve as a non-invasive indicator of exercise-induced DHEA-S changes.
  • Findings suggest potential for developing advanced, safer exercise monitoring practices based on mood and biomarker responses.