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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
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Scanning SQUID Study of Vortex Manipulation by Local Contact
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Vortices in high-performance high-temperature superconductors.

Wai-Kwong Kwok1, Ulrich Welp, Andreas Glatz

  • 1Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.

Reports on Progress in Physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)
|September 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Controlling vortex matter behavior in high-temperature superconductors (HTS) is key to enhancing critical current. This review covers vortex pinning strategies in YBCO conductors and iron-based superconductors for improved performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Vortex matter behavior dictates the electromagnetic response and current carrying capacity of high-temperature superconductors (HTS).
  • Vortex pinning is crucial for enhancing critical current and reducing anisotropy in HTS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review basic concepts of vortex pinning and its application in complex pinning landscapes.
  • To highlight recent advances in enhancing critical current in YBCO coated conductors and iron-based superconductors.
  • To discuss a new paradigm of critical current by design through simulation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on vortex pinning in HTS.
  • Focus on second generation (2G) YBCO coated conductors and iron-based superconductors.
  • Discussion of large-scale time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau simulations for vortex dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Significant enhancements in in-field critical current achieved in state-of-the-art 2G YBCO coated conductors.
  • Prospects for isotropic, high-critical current superconductors in iron-based materials.
  • Emerging quantitative correlation between critical current density and mesoscale pinning landscapes.

Conclusions:

  • Vortex pinning strategies are vital for optimizing superconductor performance.
  • Advanced simulation techniques offer a pathway to 'critical current by design'.
  • Future research directions include achieving isotropic, high-performance superconductors.