A Novel Platelet-Repellent Polyphenolic Surface and Its Micropattern for Platelet Adhesion Detection

Surface patterning provides a powerful tool to the diagnosis of platelet adhesion. However, the current methodologies of constructing platelet-patterned surfaces require laborious and complicated steps. Herein, a novel and simple platelet-repellent surface was reported by metal (Fe³⁺ ions)-polyphenol (tannic acid, TA) coordination interaction. The platelet-repellent effect was significantly better than that of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) in a long-term. Moreover, the platelet-repellent behavior could extend to other polyphenols-functionalized surfaces. On the basis of these observations, a TA-based micropattern was fabricated in situ by one-step microcontact printing for well-defined platelet adhesion, which can effectively avoid the traditional introduction of inert hydrophilic polymers and bioactive ligands. Afterward, the TA-based micropattern was applied to monitor the adhesion of defective platelets treated with an antiplatelet drug (tirofiban). This work provided a facile, versatile, and environmentally friendly strategy to construct platelet-repellent polyphenolic surfaces and their micropattern. We expect that this simple micropattern could act as a low-cost and label-free platform for biomaterials and biosensors, and could be widely used in the clinical diagnoses of platelet adhesive functions and the evaluation of antiplatelet therapies.