Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

419
Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
419
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

312
In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
312
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

1.4K
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
1.4K
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

677
Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
677
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

349
In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
349
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

631
Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
631

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Microbiome-Metabolome Responses to a High-Grain Diet Associated with the Hind-Gut Health of Goats.

Frontiers in microbiology·2017
Same author

[Research on effects of chemotype and components of Perilla frutescens leaf volatile oil I: different phenological periods].

Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica·2017
Same author

The association of knee structural pathology with pain at the knee is modified by pain at other sites in those with knee osteoarthritis.

Clinical rheumatology·2017
Same author

Do children understand fraction addition?

Developmental science·2017
Same author

[Perilla resources of China and essential oil chemotypes of Perilla leaves].

Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica·2017
Same author

Co-delivery of paclitaxel and cisplatin with biocompatible PLGA-PEG nanoparticles enhances chemoradiotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer models.

Journal of materials chemistry. B·2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Fetal Mouse Cardiovascular Imaging Using a High-frequency Ultrasound 30/45MHZ System
07:34

Fetal Mouse Cardiovascular Imaging Using a High-frequency Ultrasound 30/45MHZ System

Published on: May 5, 2018

12.4K

Pediatric cardiovascular risk factors.

Jing Tian1, Xinjiang An2, Mingyu Fu1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, China.

Minerva Pediatrica
|September 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Cardiac complications are a leading global health issue. Research suggests cardiovascular disease originates in early life due to unfavorable exposures, increasing susceptibility in infants.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Establishment and Confirmation of a Postnatal Right Ventricular Volume Overload Mouse Model
06:04

Author Spotlight: Establishment and Confirmation of a Postnatal Right Ventricular Volume Overload Mouse Model

Published on: June 9, 2023

1.6K
Analysis of Congenital Heart Defects in Mouse Embryos Using Qualitative and Quantitative Histological Methods
08:28

Analysis of Congenital Heart Defects in Mouse Embryos Using Qualitative and Quantitative Histological Methods

Published on: March 10, 2020

7.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Fetal Mouse Cardiovascular Imaging Using a High-frequency Ultrasound 30/45MHZ System
07:34

Fetal Mouse Cardiovascular Imaging Using a High-frequency Ultrasound 30/45MHZ System

Published on: May 5, 2018

12.4K
Author Spotlight: Establishment and Confirmation of a Postnatal Right Ventricular Volume Overload Mouse Model
06:04

Author Spotlight: Establishment and Confirmation of a Postnatal Right Ventricular Volume Overload Mouse Model

Published on: June 9, 2023

1.6K
Analysis of Congenital Heart Defects in Mouse Embryos Using Qualitative and Quantitative Histological Methods
08:28

Analysis of Congenital Heart Defects in Mouse Embryos Using Qualitative and Quantitative Histological Methods

Published on: March 10, 2020

7.4K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cardiac complications are a primary cause of global mortality, morbidity, and hospitalization.
  • Cardiovascular disease is increasingly recognized as a pathological state originating in early life.
  • Preclinical studies confirm early life growth restriction leads to cardiovascular adaptations and increased disease susceptibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • This review emphasizes risk factors contributing to cardiac pathology in young infants.
  • To highlight the link between early life exposures and adult cardiovascular disease.
  • To consolidate current understanding of early life origins of heart disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of preclinical and clinical studies.
  • Analysis of research on fetal and early postnatal development.
  • Synthesis of data on cardiovascular adaptations and disease susceptibility.

Main Results:

  • Early unfavorable exposures permanently alter cardiac development.
  • Growth restriction during fetal and postnatal periods induces cardiovascular system adaptations.
  • These adaptations result in heightened susceptibility to cardiovascular disease later in life.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiovascular disease has its roots in early life developmental processes.
  • Understanding early life risk factors is crucial for preventing adult cardiac pathology.
  • Interventions targeting early life exposures may mitigate long-term cardiovascular risks.