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Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
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Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery

Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery

Published on: August 17, 2022

Metastatic epidural spinal cord compression.

Alberto Di Martino¹, Antonio Caldaria¹, Vincenzo De Vivo¹

¹a CIR- Center of Integrated Research, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery , University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome , Rome , Italy.

Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy

|September 23, 2016

Summary

Metastatic epidural spinal cord compression (MESSC) management involves surgery and radiotherapy. While surgery has advanced, radiotherapy, especially stereotactic radiosurgery, is expected to play a larger role in future MESSC treatment.

Keywords:

Spine bisphosphonates denosumab epidural spinal cord compression metastasis neurological deficit radiotherapy surgery

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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Chronic Spinal Cord Compression

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Chronic Spinal Cord Compression

Published on: May 7, 2019

Area of Science:

Oncology
Neurosurgery
Radiation Oncology

Background:

Metastatic epidural spinal cord compression (MESSC) is a common complication of solid tumors.
Current treatments include corticosteroids, radiotherapy, and surgery.
Surgical techniques have advanced with instrumentation, improving outcomes compared to radiotherapy alone.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the management of MESSC in cancer patients.
To discuss treatment timing, quality of life (QoL) impact, and the benefits and harms of surgery versus radiotherapy.
To explore the future role of radiotherapy in MESSC management.

Main Methods:

Narrative review of current literature on MESSC management.
Discussion of surgical advancements and radiotherapy techniques.
Analysis of treatment outcomes and patient quality of life.

Main Results:

Surgical decompression with instrumentation has shown improved clinical results.
Radiotherapy alone has historically been less effective than surgery.
Future management may see an increased role for radiotherapy, particularly stereotactic radiosurgery.

Conclusions:

Further clinical trials are needed to optimize surgical techniques and timing for MESSC.
Radiotactic stereosurgery as an adjunct to decompressive surgery is anticipated to grow.
The evolving role of radiotherapy in MESSC management is a key area for future research.