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Sleep bruxism: Current knowledge and contemporary management.

Adrian U Yap1, Ai Ping Chua2

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PubMed
Summary

Sleep bruxism (SB), teeth grinding during sleep, affects 13% of adults. While its cause is unknown, management focuses on protecting teeth and reducing symptoms, not a permanent cure.

Keywords:
Consequencesdiagnosisetiologymanagementsleep bruxism

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Bruxism involves repetitive jaw muscle activity, including teeth clenching or grinding.
  • It is classified as awake or sleep bruxism (SB), with SB affecting approximately 13% of adults.
  • The etiology of SB is multifactorial, with central regulatory factors (pathophysiological, psychosocial) implicated over peripheral ones.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of sleep bruxism.
  • To discuss its recognition, diagnosis, and management strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of sleep bruxism.
  • Analysis of diagnostic and management approaches.

Main Results:

  • Sleep bruxism has significant consequences, including temporomandibular disorders, headaches, and dental damage.
  • Clinical recognition involves subjective reports and examinations, but definitive diagnosis requires electrophysiological tools.
  • Current management strategies aim to protect dental structures, reduce bruxism activity, and alleviate pain, as no permanent cure exists.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep bruxism is a complex condition with multifactorial origins.
  • Effective management requires a comprehensive approach, focusing on symptom control and protection rather than a definitive cure.