Influence of early rearing on lymphocyte proliferation responses in juvenile rhesus monkeys

Lymphocyte proliferation responses and natural killer cell activity were evaluated in 35 juvenile rhesus monkeys derived from five different rearing conditions. Nursery-reared monkeys had proliferation responses which were significantly higher than those of mother-reared subjects. Reexamination of the nursery-reared monkeys 1.5 years later indicated that an abnormally high response to concanavalin A was still evident at 2.5 years of age, but both PHA and PWM responses had shown an age-appropriate decrease into the normal range for this species. Proliferation responses in monkeys that had been weaned early from their mothers at 6 months of age were also higher than values for control monkeys that remained with their mothers, but below those of the nursery-reared monkeys. In contrast, monkeys that had received multiple separations from the mother between 3 and 7 months of age showed lymphocyte proliferation responses that were below normal. These results indicate that early rearing conditions can have a lasting effect on certain immune responses in the developing primate.