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Hypothalamic Dysfunction and Multiple Sclerosis: Implications for Fatigue and Weight Dysregulation.

Kevin G Burfeind1, Vijayshree Yadav2, Daniel L Marks3

  • 1MD/PhD Program, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.

Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports
|September 25, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hypothalamic dysfunction contributes to multiple sclerosis symptoms like fatigue and weight changes. Understanding these mechanisms is key to developing new treatments for this often-overlooked aspect of multiple sclerosis.

Keywords:
FatigueHypothalamusMultiple sclerosisNeuroendocrinologyWeight dysregulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) symptoms are typically linked to demyelination in the central nervous system.
  • The hypothalamus, crucial for homeostasis, is often overlooked in MS pathophysiology.
  • Hypothalamic dysfunction may underlie several key MS symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the contribution of hypothalamic dysfunction to signs and symptoms in multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • To explore mechanisms of fatigue and weight dysregulation in MS due to hypothalamic dysfunction.
  • To propose future research directions and therapeutic strategies for hypothalamic dysfunction in MS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on hypothalamic involvement in multiple sclerosis.
  • Analysis of mechanisms related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, orexin neurotransmission, and cortisol secretion.
  • Examination of potential pathways for weight dysregulation linked to hypothalamic function.

Main Results:

  • Hypothalamic dysfunction is prevalent in MS but current research is limited and conflicting.
  • Three key hypothalamic mechanisms for MS-related fatigue identified: HPA axis hyperactivity, disordered orexin, and abnormal cortisol.
  • Potential hypothalamic mechanisms for weight dysregulation in MS are reviewed.

Conclusions:

  • Hypothalamic dysfunction is a significant, yet understudied, factor in multiple sclerosis.
  • Further research with larger sample sizes and standardized measurements is needed.
  • Targeting hypothalamic pathways may offer novel therapeutic avenues for MS symptom management.