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Human cytomegalovirus infection and vascular disease risk: A meta-analysis
Ya-Li Lv1, Fei-Fei Han1, Li-Li Gong1
1Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, PR China.
Insights
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection significantly increases the risk of developing vascular disease. This meta-analysis confirms HCMV as a risk factor, particularly in Asian populations, highlighting the need for further research and preventative strategies.
Area of Science:
- * Infectious Diseases
- * Cardiovascular Medicine
- * Epidemiology
Background:
- * Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is a known factor potentially accelerating vascular disease.
- * Previous studies have yielded inconsistent results regarding the association between HCMV and vascular disease risk.
- * A definitive consensus on HCMV's role in vascular pathology remains elusive.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To precisely confirm the relationship between HCMV infection and the risk of vascular disease.
- * To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to consolidate existing evidence.
Main Methods:
- * Systematic literature search of PubMed and Embase databases.
- * Inclusion of case-control and nested case-control studies evaluating HCMV infection and vascular disease.
- * Data extraction and analysis from 68 studies encompassing 12,027 cases and 15,386 controls across 24 countries.
Main Results:
- * HCMV infection was associated with a significantly higher risk of vascular disease across various detection methods (IgG, IgM, DNA).
- * Elevated risks were observed for IgG (OR 1.70), IgM (OR 2.88), and PCR-based (OR 2.56) HCMV tests.
- * HCMV infection was a confirmed risk factor in Asian, Caucasian, and other ethnic groups, with particularly high risks noted in the Asian population.
Conclusions:
- * This meta-analysis provides strong evidence that HCMV infection is linked to an increased risk of vascular disease.
- * HCMV should be considered a significant risk factor in the development and progression of vascular pathologies.
- * Findings underscore the importance of understanding HCMV's role in cardiovascular health, especially in specific ethnic groups.
Background:
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection has been associated with the acceleration of vascular disease. Numbers studies were conducted to analyze the association between HCMV infection and risk of vascular disease, but no clear consensus had been reached. The aim of this study was to confirm this relationship precisely by doing a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods:
We identified relevant studies through a search of PubMed and Embase. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they fulfilled all of the following selection criteria: (1) evaluating the association between HCMV infection and vascular disease; (2) case-control studies or nested case-control studies; (3) and supply the numbers (or percentage) of positivity for HCMV infection in cases and controls, respectively. Data were extracted and analyzed independently by two investigators. Ultimately, We included data from 68 studies, which altogether enrolled 12027 cases and 15386 controls from 24 countries.
Results:
HCMV IgG was detected 7376 in 10611 cases, HCMV IgM was detected 153 in 1486 cases and HCMV DNA was detected 654 in 2139 cases. Overall, people exposed to HCMV infection had higher risk than those not exposed for vascular disease (OR 1.70 [95% CI 1.43-2.03] IgG-based HCMV tests, 2.88 [95% CI 1.87-4.43] IgM-based HCMV tests and 2.56 [95% CI 1.46-4.49 PCR-based HCMV tests]). HCMV infection was clearly identified as a risk factor for vascular disease in Asian group, Caucasian group and other group, especially Asian group(OR 1.86 [95% CI 1.33-2.60] IgG-based HCMV tests, 3.57 [95% CI 1.94-6.60] IgM-based HCMV tests and 4.09 [95% CI 3.10-5.40 PCR-based HCMV tests]).
Conclusion:
This meta-analysis suggested that HCMV infection is associated with an increased risk for vascular disease.
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