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Microbial Characteristics of Peri-Implantitis: A Case-Control Study
Y C de Waal1, H V Eijsbouts2, E G Winkel1,3
1Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Journal of Periodontology
|September 27, 2016
Summary
Certain periodontal pathogens like Prevotella intermedia and Tannerella forsythia are strongly linked to peri-implantitis. Other bacteria, such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, do not appear to play a significant role in this condition.
Area of Science:
- Oral microbiology
- Periodontology
- Dental implantology
Background:
- Peri-implantitis is a prevalent complication of dental implants.
- Understanding the microbial etiology of peri-implantitis is crucial for effective treatment and prevention.
- Oral microbiologic characteristics differ between healthy peri-implant conditions and peri-implantitis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the oral microbiologic profiles of patients with peri-implantitis and those with healthy peri-implant conditions.
- To investigate the influence of patient- and implant-related factors on these microbial characteristics.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 85 patients with peri-implantitis and 69 controls with healthy implants.
- Submucosal microbial samples were collected and analyzed using culturing techniques.
- Multivariable logistic regression was employed to assess associations between disease status, patient/implant factors, and microbial findings.
Main Results:
- Peri-implantitis was significantly associated with the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Tannerella forsythia (Tf), and Fusobacterium nucleatum.
- The strongest associations were observed for Pi (OR: 15.1) and Tf (OR: 13.3).
- Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Staphylococcus species showed very low prevalence.
Conclusions:
- The periodontal pathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia, and Fusobacterium nucleatum are implicated in peri-implantitis.
- Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Staphylococcus species do not appear to be significant contributors to peri-implantitis.
