Titanium Oxide/Silicon Moth-Eye Structures with Antireflection, p-n Heterojunctions, and Superhydrophilicity

By employing KOH etching of silicon and hydrothermal growth of titanium oxide (TiO₂), TiO₂ nanorods assembled on the silicon micropyramids to form biomimetic composite coating, similar to moth-eye structures. The biomimetic composite coating possessed not only the micro-nano hierarchical structures but also the p-n heterojunctions, resulting in a decrease in the reflection of incident light and an increase in the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers. Meanwhile, the structures showed excellent superhydrophilicity, making for the self-cleaning of the material surface. We further demonstrate that by exploiting the advantages of this method, the application of such structures in the photocatalysis field is thus straightforward.