Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bone Cells and Tissue01:30

Bone Cells and Tissue

9.4K
Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
The osteoblast is the bone cell responsible for forming new bone tissue. It is found in the growing portions of bone, including the...
9.4K
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

40.9K
Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
40.9K
Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

11.0K
Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
11.0K
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

4.6K
Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
4.6K
Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue01:27

Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue

4.6K
Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...
4.6K
Cellular Differentiation00:57

Cellular Differentiation

6.1K
How does a complex organism such as a human develop from a single cell? It all starts from a single fertilized egg which gives rise to a vast array of cell types, such as nerve cells, muscle cells, and epithelial cells that characterize the adult? Throughout development and adulthood, cellular differentiation leads cells to assume their final morphology and physiology. Differentiation is the process by which unspecialized cells become specialized to carry out distinct functions.
A zygote is a...
6.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A woman in her 60s with confusion

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke·2026
Same author

Effects of proANP<sub>31-67</sub> in a preclinical model of uninephrectomy and cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury: cardiac remodeling and tissue biochemical profiling.

American journal of physiology. Cell physiology·2026
Same author

Mitochondrial responses to anoxia-reoxygenation exposure in crucian carp (Carassius carassius).

The Journal of experimental biology·2026
Same author

Extracellular mitochondrial DNA activates complement and is associated with complement activation in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Effects of a Multidisciplinary Intervention on Fatigue in Lymphoma Survivors With Chronic Fatigue: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (REFUEL).

JMIR research protocols·2025
Same author

Prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers in liver transplantation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Differentiation and Characterization of Osteoclasts from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
10:52

Differentiation and Characterization of Osteoclasts from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: March 22, 2024

2.4K

Osteoblast Differentiation at a Glance.

Arkady Rutkovskiy1, Kåre-Olav Stensløkken1, Ingvar Jarle Vaage2

  • 1Division of Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

Medical Science Monitor Basic Research
|September 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding osteoblast biology is key to treating bone diseases. This research details the cellular processes and molecular signals regulating osteoblast differentiation and function.

More Related Videos

Isolation, Culture, and Differentiation of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells and Osteoclast Progenitors from Mice
08:07

Isolation, Culture, and Differentiation of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells and Osteoclast Progenitors from Mice

Published on: January 6, 2018

32.9K
Modeling Osteosarcoma Using Li-Fraumeni Syndrome Patient-derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
08:52

Modeling Osteosarcoma Using Li-Fraumeni Syndrome Patient-derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: June 13, 2018

9.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Differentiation and Characterization of Osteoclasts from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
10:52

Differentiation and Characterization of Osteoclasts from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: March 22, 2024

2.4K
Isolation, Culture, and Differentiation of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells and Osteoclast Progenitors from Mice
08:07

Isolation, Culture, and Differentiation of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells and Osteoclast Progenitors from Mice

Published on: January 6, 2018

32.9K
Modeling Osteosarcoma Using Li-Fraumeni Syndrome Patient-derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
08:52

Modeling Osteosarcoma Using Li-Fraumeni Syndrome Patient-derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: June 13, 2018

9.4K

Area of Science:

  • Bone biology and cellular differentiation
  • Molecular mechanisms of ossification
  • Biomaterials and tissue engineering

Background:

  • Ossification, the process of bone formation, is orchestrated by osteoblasts.
  • Dysregulation leads to bone mineralization disorders and ectopic calcification.
  • Osteoblast biology is crucial for treating conditions like osteoporosis and calcific heart valve disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of osteoblast differentiation.
  • To elucidate the molecular regulators and signaling pathways involved in ossification.
  • To explore the influence of physical stimuli on osteogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on osteoblast biology and ossification.
  • Analysis of key molecular factors and signaling pathways (e.g., Runx2, Wnt/Notch).
  • Examination of physical stimuli affecting osteogenesis (e.g., mechanical stress, gravity).

Main Results:

  • Osteoblast differentiation involves distinct stages: proliferation, matrix maturation, and mineralization.
  • Key transcription factors like Runx2, along with signaling pathways and cofactors, control lineage commitment.
  • Physical stimuli such as shear stress and microgravity significantly influence bone formation.

Conclusions:

  • A thorough understanding of osteoblast differentiation is essential for therapeutic interventions.
  • Identifying regulatory factors can lead to novel treatments for bone-related diseases.
  • Knowledge of osteogenesis mechanisms may facilitate the development of artificial bone matrices.