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Hepatitis C and immigration: a multicentre study.

Gaetano Scotto1, Orlando Armignacco2, Giulio Starnini3

  • 1Cattedra Microbiologia e Microbiologia Clinica, Universitá di Foggia, Italy.

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Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection is more prevalent in migrant populations in Italy, with genotype 4 common in Africans. Treatment adherence and sustained virological response (SVR) rates were challenging but achievable.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection poses a significant global health challenge, particularly within migrant populations.
  • Understanding the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of HCV in immigrants is crucial for targeted public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical and epidemiological features of HCV infection in a cohort of immigrants in Italy.
  • To assess the virological, biochemical, and histological profiles of HCV infection in this population.
  • To determine the outcomes of standard HCV therapy in immigrant patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective multicentre study of 194 HCV-positive immigrant subjects.
  • Virological testing (viral load, genotype) and biochemical assessments.
  • Histological staging of liver disease in willing participants.
  • Standard therapy (peg-interferon + ribavirin) administration and follow-up.

Main Results:

  • The majority of immigrants were of East-European origin (48.4%), with a mean age of 41.4 years.
  • HCV genotype 1 was most frequent, followed by genotype 4 (predominant in African patients).
  • Sustained virological response (SVR) was achieved in 48.8% of patients who completed therapy, though treatment adherence was a challenge.

Conclusions:

  • Migrant populations exhibit higher rates of HCV-related chronic hepatitis compared to the indigenous population.
  • HCV infections in immigrants can be contracted in their country of origin or in Italy.
  • Therapeutic management of HCV in immigrants is complex, often influenced by social factors, necessitating tailored approaches.