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Fully Automated Anesthesia and Fluid Management Using Multiple Physiologic Closed-Loop Systems in a Patient
Alexandre Joosten1, Amélie Delaporte, Maxime Cannesson
1From the *Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care, CUB Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; †Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; ‡Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California; and §Department of Vascular Surgery, CUB Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
Abstract:
Automated delivery of anesthesia guided by processed electroencephalogram monitoring using a closed-loop system is no longer a novel concept. However, combining multiple independent physiologic closed-loop systems together has never been documented before. The purpose of this case report was to evaluate the feasibility of automated anesthesia and fluid management based on a combination of physiological variables (bispectral index, stroke volume, and stroke volume variations) using 2 independent closed-loop systems.
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