A MoS₂ Nanosheet-Based Fluorescence Biosensor for Simple and Quantitative Analysis of DNA Methylation

MoS₂ nanomaterial has unique properties, including innate affinity with ss-DNA and quenching ability for fluorescence dyes. Here, we present the development of a simple fluorescence biosensor based on water-soluble MoS₂ nanosheets and restriction endonuclease BstUI for methylation analysis of p16 promoter. The biosensing platform exhibited excellent sensitivity in detecting DNA with a linear range of 100 pM~20 nM and a detection limit of 140 pM. More importantly, our method could distinguish as low as 1% difference in methylation level. Compared with previous methylation analysis, our design is both time saving and simple to operate, avoiding the limitations of PCR-based assays without compromising performance.