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Light therapies for acne.

Jelena Barbaric1, Rachel Abbott, Pawel Posadzki

  • 1Andrija Stampar School of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Rockefellerova 4, Zagreb, Croatia, 10000.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|September 28, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-quality evidence is lacking for light therapies in treating acne vulgaris. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with methyl aminolevulinate (red light) or aminolevulinic acid (blue light) shows low certainty of effectiveness for moderate to severe acne.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology and Cutaneous Medicine
  • Photomedicine
  • Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

  • Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition causing physical scarring and psychological distress.
  • Existing oral and topical treatments have limitations including ineffectiveness, side effects, and poor tolerability.
  • Light-based therapies are being explored as potential alternative treatments for acne.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and explore the efficacy of different light wavelengths for treating acne vulgaris.
  • To assess the available evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on light therapies for acne.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive search of multiple databases (Cochrane Skin, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS, Web of Science) was conducted up to September 2015, with an update in July 2016.
  • Included were RCTs of light therapy for acne vulgaris, irrespective of language or publication status.
  • Standard Cochrane methodological procedures were employed for data collection and analysis, with assessment of risk of bias.

Main Results:

  • 71 RCTs involving 4211 participants were included, with most studies being small and focusing on mild to moderate acne.
  • Evidence quality for most comparisons was very low to moderate due to heterogeneity in interventions, outcome measures, and high risk of bias.
  • Methyl aminolevulinate (MAL) photodynamic therapy (PDT) activated by red light showed no significant difference compared to placebo for lesion count changes; aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-PDT activated by blue light showed low-quality evidence of limited effectiveness.

Conclusions:

  • There is a significant lack of high-quality evidence supporting the use of light therapies as standard treatments for acne vulgaris.
  • The effectiveness of MAL-PDT (red light) and ALA-PDT (blue light) for moderate to severe acne has low certainty.
  • Future research should focus on well-designed studies with standardized outcomes comparing light therapies against common acne treatments, adhering to CONSORT guidelines.