α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Preussia minimoides ‡

Area of Science:

• Natural Products Chemistry
• Mycology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Endophytic fungi, such as Preussia minimoides, are a rich source of structurally diverse secondary metabolites.
• Polyketides represent a significant class of natural products with a wide range of biological activities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To isolate and characterize novel compounds from the endophytic fungus Preussia minimoides.
• To investigate the potential biological activity of the isolated compounds, specifically their effect on yeast alpha-glucosidase.

Main Methods:

• Extensive fractionation of fungal extract.
• Structure elucidation using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations.
• Determination of absolute configuration via single-crystal X-ray diffraction and TDDFT-ECD calculations.
• Enzyme inhibition assays for yeast alpha-glucosidase.

Main Results:

• Isolation and characterization of two new polyketides, minimoidiones A (1) and B (2), possessing novel skeletons.
• Identification of known compounds: preussochromone C (3), corymbiferone (4), and 5-hydroxy-2,7-dimethoxy-8-methylnaphthoquinone (5).
• Compounds 1-4 demonstrated significant inhibition of yeast alpha-glucosidase activity.

Conclusions:

• Minimoidiones A and B are novel polyketides with unique structural features.
• The isolated compounds exhibit inhibitory effects on yeast alpha-glucosidase, suggesting potential applications in metabolic regulation.