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Fabricating Degradable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels on Multiple Length Scales via Reactive Extrusion, Microfluidics, Self-assembly, and Electrospinning

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Thermally-Induced Triple-Shape Hydrogels: Soft Materials Enabling Complex Movements.

Ulrich Nöchel¹, Marc Behl¹, Maria Balk¹

¹Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT) and ‡Joint Laboratory for Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht , Kantstr. 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

|September 28, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed novel hydrogels demonstrating a triple-shape effect for complex soft material movements. These shape-memory hydrogels offer precise control and potential for advanced actuators and self-unfolding devices.

Keywords:

X-ray scattering hydrogels shape-memory stimuli-sensitive materials triple-shape

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Polymer Chemistry
Soft Robotics

Background:

Shape-memory hydrogels utilize temperature-responsive segments for controlled movements.
Existing hydrogels often have limitations in achieving complex, multi-stage shape transformations.

Purpose of the Study:

To engineer hydrogels exhibiting a thermally induced triple-shape effect for sophisticated soft material actuation.
To investigate the influence of crystallizable switching segments on shape-memory behavior and material properties.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of hydrogels with two distinct hydrophobic crystallizable switching segments.
Characterization of shape fixity and recovery ratios through a two-step programming procedure.
X-ray scattering analysis to understand the orientation of switching domains during shape transitions.

Main Results:

Hydrogels demonstrated a thermally induced triple-shape effect with two independent shape changes.
Shape fixity ratios exceeding 50% were achieved, enabling distinct shape programming.
Swelling degrees remained constant across different shapes and temperatures, preventing interference with shape shifts.
Analysis revealed that longer side chains exhibit lower orientation post-deformation, and shorter chains orient perpendicularly to the main chain.

Conclusions:

The developed hydrogels enable complex, two-step shape changes, suitable for advanced applications.
Constant swelling degrees simplify shape programming and enhance control over shape shifts.
Increased orientation of switching domains is not critical for achieving adequate shape fixity and recovery, broadening design possibilities for shape-memory hydrogels.