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Related Concept Videos

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues01:18

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues

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Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...
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Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

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Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
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Secondary Lymphoid Organs01:15

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Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...
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Introduction to Lymphatic and Immune System01:23

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Immunity is a crucial biological concept about our body's inherent capacity to prevent infections and diseases. A complex network of cells and tissues collectively known as the immune system facilitates this natural defense mechanism. The immune system plays an integral role in maintaining our health and well-being, shielding us from potential health threats.
The immune responses can be categorized into two types: innate and adaptive. Innate immunity comprises nonspecific defenses we are born...
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Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

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The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Isolation of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells from Mouse Nasal Mucosa to Detect the Expression of CD226
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Human innate lymphoid cells.

Jenny Mjösberg1, Hergen Spits2

  • 1Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|September 29, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) orchestrate immune responses and are therapeutic targets. This review clarifies the complex roles and plasticity of human ILCs in health and disease.

Keywords:
Innate lymphoid cellsallergyasthmagraft-versus-host diseaseinflammatory bowel diseasemucosal immunitypsoriasistumor immunity

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are crucial immune mediators involved in homeostasis and disease.
  • They respond to signals and release cytokines, influencing subsequent immune responses.
  • ILCs are recognized as potential therapeutic targets for various conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated perspective on the function and plasticity of human ILCs.
  • To address the complexities and heterogeneity within the human ILC family.
  • To clarify the roles of ILCs in tissue homeostasis and disease pathology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on human ILC function and development.
  • Analysis of ILC subsets (Group 1, 2, and 3) and their associated cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-5, IL-13, IL-22).
  • Discussion of ILC plasticity and heterogeneity in human tissues.

Main Results:

  • Group 2 ILCs contribute to type 2 inflammation in allergy and asthma via IL-5 and IL-13.
  • Group 3 ILCs are involved in intestinal homeostasis and psoriasis through IL-22.
  • Group 1 ILCs are linked to chronic inflammation (IBD, COPD) via IFN-γ.

Conclusions:

  • Human ILC development and functional heterogeneity require further elucidation.
  • Understanding ILC plasticity is key to their therapeutic potential.
  • ILCs play diverse roles in maintaining tissue health and driving disease pathogenesis.