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Virus Discovery Using Tick Cell Lines.

Lesley Bell-Sakyi1, Houssam Attoui2

  • 1Head of The Tick Cell Biobank, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Surrey, UK.

Evolutionary Bioinformatics Online
|September 29, 2016
PubMed
Summary

High-throughput sequencing reveals diverse tick-borne viruses, but their nature remains unclear. Tick cell lines are crucial for discovering new viruses and determining if they are infectious or endogenous elements.

Keywords:
arbovirusendogenous viral elementendogenous virustick cell line

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Arthropod-borne diseases
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Ticks transmit pathogenic arboviruses, a known threat for decades.
  • Recent sequencing reveals a diverse range of tick-only viruses in ticks.
  • The origin and infectivity of these novel viruses are largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advances in discovering tick-borne viruses.
  • To discuss the role of tick cell lines in virus discovery and characterization.
  • To highlight the potential of tick cell lines in identifying novel, replication-competent viruses.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on tick-borne virus discovery.
  • Analysis of high-throughput sequencing data identifying viral sequences in ticks.
  • Discussion of tick cell culture techniques for virus isolation and propagation.

Main Results:

  • High-throughput sequencing has uncovered a wide array of viruses endemic to ticks.
  • Distinguishing between infectious viruses and endogenous viral elements remains a challenge.
  • Tick cell lines have proven effective in isolating and identifying novel viruses.

Conclusions:

  • Tick cell lines are invaluable tools for advancing tick-borne virus discovery.
  • Further research is needed to understand the biology and significance of newly identified tick viruses.
  • Tick cell lines aid in determining the replication competence and infectivity of potential tick-borne pathogens.