Implicit Attitudes and Smoking Behavior in a Smoking Cessation Induction Trial
Hyoung S Lee1, Merideth Addicott2, Laura E Martin3
1School of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, University of Washington Tacoma, Tacoma, WA.
Summary
Changes in implicit attitudes toward smoking, measured by the Implicit Association Test (IAT), were linked to increased quit attempts and cessation. These findings suggest that targeting automatic cognitive processes may enhance smoking cessation interventions.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Behavioral Science
- Public Health
Background:
- Implicit attitudes may influence smoking decisions, but evidence linking changes in these attitudes to behavioral changes is limited.
- Previous research has not established a clear connection between evolving implicit attitudes and smoking cessation outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between changes in implicit attitudes and smoking cessation behaviors.
- To determine if modifications in implicit attitudes predict quit attempts and cessation among smokers.
Main Methods:
- A trial involving unmotivated smokers measured implicit attitudes (Implicit Association Test) and explicit motivation at baseline, week 12, and week 26.
- Quit attempts and biochemically verified cessation were assessed at follow-up.
Main Results:
- Implicit Association Test scores became more negative over time, indicating a shift in implicit attitudes.
- Negative changes in implicit attitudes were significantly associated with increased quit attempts and cessation, independent of explicit motivation.
Conclusions:
- Changes in implicit attitudes correlate with improved smoking cessation behaviors.
- Smoking cessation interventions could be more effective by incorporating strategies to modify implicit attitudes.
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