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Local quantum thermal susceptibility.

Antonella De Pasquale¹, Davide Rossini¹, Rosario Fazio^1,2,3

¹NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy.

Nature Communications

|September 30, 2016

Summary

We introduce local quantum thermal susceptibility to quantify the best accuracy for temperature estimation using local quantum measurements. This method helps locate quantum phase transitions by distinguishing ground states at low temperatures.

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Area of Science:

Quantum thermodynamics
Statistical mechanics
Quantum estimation theory

Background:

Thermodynamics uses macroscopic variables to describe systems with many particles, relying on statistical mechanics for thermal properties.
Operational limitations in local probing pose challenges in determining the precision of inferred macroscopic variables.
Current methods lack a precise quantifier for temperature estimation accuracy under local measurement constraints.

Purpose of the Study:

Introduce a novel quantifier: local quantum thermal susceptibility.
Provide an operative strategy for assessing local thermal response in quantum systems.
Develop a method to determine the best achievable accuracy for temperature estimation via local measurements.

Main Methods:

Utilize fundamental concepts from quantum estimation theory.
Develop a quantifier based on local quantum measurements.
Apply the method to arbitrary quantum systems at thermal equilibrium.

Main Results:

Local quantum thermal susceptibility quantifies the precision of local temperature estimation.
The method offers an operative strategy for analyzing local thermal properties.
At low temperatures, it reveals local distinguishability between ground and excited states.

Conclusions:

Local quantum thermal susceptibility is a key tool for understanding local thermal properties.
This quantifier enhances the precision of temperature estimation in quantum systems.
The method effectively identifies quantum phase transitions by analyzing state distinguishability.