Ecthyma gangrenosum in an infant after liver transplantation

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Infectious Diseases
• Pediatrics

Background:

• Ecthyma gangrenosum is a rare, necrotizing bacterial skin infection.
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common causative agent.
• The condition often signifies Pseudomonas septicemia with high mortality.

Observation:

• A 9-month-old male infant presented with ecthyma gangrenosum.
• The infant had undergone liver transplantation 6 months prior.
• The patient was receiving immunosuppressive therapy.

Findings:

• The infant's condition highlighted the clinical progression from maculopapular eruption to gangrenous ulcer.
• Ecthyma gangrenosum is typically pathognomonic for Pseudomonas septicemia in such cases.
• The mortality rate for Pseudomonas septicemia ranges from 38-96%.

Implications:

• This case underscores the critical need for prompt diagnosis and management of ecthyma gangrenosum.
• Early intervention is vital for improving outcomes in immunocompromised pediatric patients.
• Recognizing ecthyma gangrenosum aids in identifying and treating underlying Pseudomonas septicemia.