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Confirmation Biases01:31

Confirmation Biases

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The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
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Blinding01:11

Blinding

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Blinding is a commonly used method of not telling participants which treatment a subject is receiving. Blinding is a critical part of a randomized control trial or RCT. It reduces the bias that affects the results. In an RCT, blinding is used in the form of a placebo. A placebo effect occurs when untreated subjects falsely believe they have received the treatment and report improved symptoms. A placebo or a dummy treatment is administered to subjects to negate the bias caused by such an effect.
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Groupthink01:34

Groupthink

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When in group settings, we are often influenced by the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors around us. Groupthink is another phenomenon of conformity where modification of the opinions of members in a group aligns with what they believe is the group consensus (Janis, 1972). In such situations, the group often takes action that individuals would not perform outside the group setting because groups make more extreme decisions than individuals do. Moreover, groupthink can hinder opposing trains of...
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Aggression01:47

Aggression

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Humans engage in aggression when they seek to cause harm or pain to another person. Aggression takes two forms depending on one’s motives: hostile or instrumental. Hostile aggression is motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain; a fight in a bar with a stranger is an example of hostile aggression. In contrast, instrumental aggression is motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain (Berkowitz, 1993); a contract killer who murders for...
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The Anchoring-and-Adjustment Heuristic01:25

The Anchoring-and-Adjustment Heuristic

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In order to make good decisions, we use our knowledge and our reasoning. Often, this knowledge and reasoning is sound and solid. However, sometimes, we are swayed by biases or by others manipulating a situation. For example, let’s say you and three friends wanted to rent a house and had a combined target budget of $1,600. The realtor shows you only very run-down houses for $1,600 and then shows you a very nice house for $2,000. Might you ask each person to pay more in rent to get the...
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Observation and Analysis of Blinking Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering
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Observation and Analysis of Blinking Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering

Published on: January 11, 2018

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Anger at blinkered comments.

Kim Sherrington Bristol

    Nursing Standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987)
    |September 30, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This letter addresses a critique of a reader

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    Area of Science:

    • Adolescent Health
    • Healthcare Policy
    • Patient Care

    Background:

    • A previous letter criticized a reader's panel discussion regarding adolescent nursing care.
    • The critique suggested the panel's views were ill-informed and lacked experience.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To respond to and refute the criticisms made against the reader's panel discussion.
    • To defend the validity of the panel's perspectives on adolescent nursing.

    Main Methods:

    • A direct response to a published letter.
    • Articulating counterarguments to the critique.

    Main Results:

    • The author asserts that the criticisms are unfounded.
    • The author defends the panel's insights into adolescent nursing.

    Conclusions:

    • The original panel's discussion on adolescent nursing should be reconsidered.
    • Further dialogue is needed to address the nuances of adolescent care.