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Thyroid function and risk of type 2 diabetes: a population-based prospective cohort study
Layal Chaker1,2,3, Symen Ligthart3, Tim I M Korevaar1,2,3
1Rotterdam Thyroid Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
BMC Medicine
|October 1, 2016
Summary
Low thyroid function increases type 2 diabetes risk, particularly in those with prediabetes. This highlights the importance of thyroid health in diabetes prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- The relationship between thyroid function and type 2 diabetes risk is not fully understood.
- Existing research has yielded conflicting results regarding this association.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between thyroid function, specifically thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels, and the incidence of type 2 diabetes.
- To examine the impact of thyroid function on the progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes.
Main Methods:
- A population-based prospective cohort study included 8452 participants with baseline thyroid function measurements.
- Thyroid function was assessed using TSH and FT4 levels.
- Cox proportional hazards models were employed to analyze the association with diabetes incidence and prediabetes progression, adjusting for relevant covariates.
Main Results:
- Higher TSH levels were associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, even within the normal reference range.
- Higher FT4 levels were associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes across all participants and within the normal range.
- Low-normal thyroid function, indicated by TSH and FT4 levels, was linked to a higher risk of progression from prediabetes to diabetes.
Conclusions:
- Low and low-normal thyroid function are identified as risk factors for incident type 2 diabetes, especially in individuals with prediabetes.
- The findings suggest a potential role for screening and treating subclinical hypothyroidism in individuals at risk for diabetes.
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