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Published on: June 12, 2020
Occupational identity of adolescents with ADHD: A mixed methods study
Nirit Levanon-Erez1, Maayan Cohen1, Ruthie Traub Bar-Ilan1
1a Faculty of Medicine, School of Occupational Therapy , Hadassah and Hebrew University , Jerusalem , Israel.
Background:
Occupational identity (OI) is shaped by occupational experiences over time and has been studied among individuals with a variety of health conditions. Adolescents with ADHD face numerous challenges in their occupational performance that may threaten their OI.
Objective:
This study sought to compare the occupational identities of adolescents with and without ADHD and to gain a deeper understanding of the characteristics of OI among adolescents with ADHD.
Methods:
Sixty-four adolescents with (n = 21) and without ADHD (n = 43) were interviewed using the Occupational Performance History Interview (OPHI-II). A mixed methodology was applied, using quantitative and subsequent qualitative content analyses of 10 interviews, with a directed approach.
Results:
OPHI-II OI interval scores and 7/11 items of the OI scale were significantly lower in the ADHD group compared to controls. In the qualitative content analyses, three major themes were found: (i) the meaning of success in academic participation, (ii) the consequences of not succeeding in academic participation and (iii) self-explanations for not succeeding in academic participation.
Conclusion:
Findings demonstrate the presence of OI challenges among adolescents with ADHD. Occupational therapy intervention may be needed in order to promote occupational adaptation.
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