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Glutathione S-Transferase T1 (GSTT1) Null Polymorphism, Smoking, and Their Interaction in Coronary Heart Disease: A
Yadong Song1, Zhilei Shan2, Cheng Luo2
1Wuhan Institute for Food and Cosmetic Control, 430012, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
Background:
The association between glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) null polymorphism and coronary heart disease (CHD) is inconsistent among studies, and data on the GSTT1 null genotype-smoking interplay in CHD is lacking. We conducted this meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between GSTT1 null polymorphism and CHD and to assess the potential interaction between GSTT1 null genotype and smoking.
Methods:
PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched up to 27 January 2016 using the appropriate terms. Odds ratios were pooled using either fixed-effects or random-effects models.
Results:
Twenty-nine articles including 31 studies with 15,004 cases and 35,597 controls were eligible. The random-effects model showed that the GSTT1 null genotype was associated with increased CHD risk (OR=1.213, 95%CI: 1.004-1.467; I2=90.4%). After excluding 10 studies detected by Galbraith plot, the fixed effects summary estimate also showed an increased risk of CHD (OR=1.14, 95% CI: 1.06-1.22; I2=27.7%). A case-only analysis including eight studies showed a statistically significant positive interaction between GSTT1 null polymorphism and smoking status on CHD (OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.09-1.64; I2=0%). Sensitivity analyses further supported the associations. No publication bias was observed.
Conclusions:
This meta-analysis suggests that GSTT1 null polymorphism is associated with the risk of CHD. To our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis to prove a positive effect of the interaction between GSTT1 null genotype and smoking status on the risk of CHD. Future studies with detailed individual information are needed to confirm our findings.
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