Cementless hip implants: an expanding choice.

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Biomaterials Engineering

Background:

• Total hip replacement (THR) is highly successful, with cementless implants evolving to address loosening issues common in cemented prostheses.
• The ideal uncemented femoral stem aims for biomechanical restoration, pain-free function, and lifelong durability.
• Achieving optimal results with cementless stems requires initial stability, osseointegration, biological fixation, and effective stress transfer to bone.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current literature on cementless hip prostheses using evidence-based practice.
• To discuss factors influencing cementless stem integration, stability, and fixation.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of current scientific publications.
• Discussion of key factors including implant geometry, surface roughness, stem coating, surgical technique, and patient bone quality.

Main Results:

• Uncemented femoral stems demonstrate good long-term survivorship and functional outcomes.
• Promising results are noted particularly in younger patient populations.

Conclusions:

• Biological fixation is the preferred method for cementless implants.
• Limitations in current research hinder definitive comparisons between different stem designs and indications.
• Future studies should incorporate patient age, activity level, bone type, and deformities for more conclusive findings on optimal cementless implant selection.