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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Tracking Infiltration Front Depth Using Time-lapse Multi-offset Gathers Collected with Array Antenna Ground Penetrating Radar

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Analysis on Target Detection and Classification in LTE Based Passive Forward Scattering Radar.

Raja Syamsul Azmir Raja Abdullah¹, Noor Hafizah Abdul Aziz², Nur Emileen Abdul Rashid³

¹Wireless and Photonic Networks Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia. r_syamsul@upm.edu.my.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|October 1, 2016

Summary

This study demonstrates the feasibility of passive Forward Scattering Radar (FSR) for detecting and classifying moving targets using 4G LTE signals. Experimental results confirm its capability for ground target monitoring, offering a new avenue for passive radar applications.

Keywords:

passive forward scattering radar sensor target classification target detection

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Area of Science:

Electrical Engineering
Radar Systems
Signal Processing

Background:

Passive bistatic radar (PBR) systems leverage existing illuminators of opportunity to enhance radar capabilities.
Forward scattering techniques can improve target detection and classification within PBR systems.
The passive Forward Scattering Radar (FSR) system exploits enhanced forward scatter radar cross-section (FSRCS) for improved target detection.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate the feasibility of passive FSR for moving target detection and classification.
To present experimental analysis and results validating the passive FSR system.
To introduce the first classification results achieved with a passive FSR system.

Main Methods:

Utilizing a 4G Long-Term Evolution (LTE) base station as the signal source.
Implementing a passive FSR receiver circuit with a self-mixing technique, eliminating the need for transmitter synchronization.
Developing a detection scheme and classification algorithm tailored for the passive FSR system.

Main Results:

Experimental validation of the passive FSR system's capability for ground target detection.
Successful classification of ground targets using the proposed passive FSR system.
Demonstration of enhanced target detection and classification through the forward scattering technique.

Conclusions:

The passive FSR system is feasible for moving target detection and classification.
The system offers a novel research area in passive radar for remote monitoring.
The self-mixing receiver design simplifies the passive FSR system architecture.