Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Focusing of Light in the Eye01:16

Focusing of Light in the Eye

7.0K
Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...
7.0K
Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

2.5K
Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
2.5K
Anatomy of the Eyeball01:20

Anatomy of the Eyeball

11.2K
The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle...
11.2K
Parallel Processing01:20

Parallel Processing

851
The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
851

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Utility of Combined Immunohistochemical Staining for AMBRA1 and Loricrin for Improving the Pathologic Diagnosis of High-Grade Dysplastic Nevi.

The American Journal of dermatopathology·2026
Same author

Predicting the Unpredictable: A Data-Driven Machine Learning Model for Emergency Department Waiting Room Surge Status.

Mayo Clinic proceedings. Digital health·2026
Same author

Splicing factor TRA2B enhances synthesis of androgen receptor variant AR-V7 in prostate cancer cells.

The Journal of clinical investigation·2026
Same author

Androgen receptor splice variant 7 expression levels distinguish AR-mutated from nonmutated metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancers.

The Journal of clinical investigation·2026
Same author

Breastfeeding Continuation at 6 Months among Mother-Infant Dyads Participating in the Postpartum Care in the NICU (PeliCaN) Pilot Trial.

Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association·2026
Same author

Postpartum Care for Parents of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Infants before and after Adoption of Telemedicine.

American journal of perinatology·2026
Same journal

Analysis of human visual experience data.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

Pyramid-based Bayesian modeling for high-resolution behavioral analysis.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

Sensation without perception: The white whale effect and perceptual blindness in autonomous vehicles.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

Gaze behavior during closed-captioned movie viewing adapts to absent audio through more frequent switching between text and scene.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

In pursuit of saccade awareness: Limited volitional control and minimal conscious access to catch-up saccades during smooth pursuit eye movements.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

Dissociable effects of element-lifetime and stimulus-duration on local and global motion processing: An equivalent noise study.

Journal of vision·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition
07:45

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition

Published on: July 21, 2020

5.1K

The crowding factor method applied to parafoveal vision.

Saeideh Ghahghaei1, Laura Walker2,3

  • 1The Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA. saeideh@ski.org. http://www.ski.org/users/saeideh-ghahghaei.

Journal of Vision
|October 1, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study characterizes visual crowding in central vision using a novel method. Results show crowding is less affected by location than in the periphery, but individual differences persist.

More Related Videos

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
07:12

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

1.0K
Measuring the Behavioral Effects of Intraocular Scatter
05:10

Measuring the Behavioral Effects of Intraocular Scatter

Published on: February 18, 2021

3.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition
07:45

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition

Published on: July 21, 2020

5.1K
Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
07:12

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

1.0K
Measuring the Behavioral Effects of Intraocular Scatter
05:10

Measuring the Behavioral Effects of Intraocular Scatter

Published on: February 18, 2021

3.9K

Area of Science:

  • Visual perception
  • Human psychophysics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Visual crowding, the inability to identify a target among distractors, is typically studied in the visual periphery.
  • Estimating crowding in central vision is challenging due to small distances and potential overlay masking.
  • The crowding factor method offers a solution by modulating target size and flanker distance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply the crowding factor method to characterize visual crowding in parafoveal vision (<3.5 visual degrees).
  • To investigate the influence of spatial uncertainty on crowding in central vision.
  • To compare crowding characteristics in central vision to those previously observed in the periphery.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the crowding factor method, which modulates target size and flanker distance.
  • Compared crowded and uncrowded conditions using a ratio.
  • Applied the method to participants viewing stimuli in parafoveal vision with spatial uncertainty.

Main Results:

  • Eccentricity and hemifield had a reduced impact on crowding in parafoveal vision compared to the periphery.
  • Radial/tangential asymmetries in crowding were preserved in parafoveal vision.
  • Significant idiosyncratic differences in crowding were observed among participants.

Conclusions:

  • The crowding factor method is effective for studying visual crowding in both central and peripheral vision.
  • Understanding crowding in central vision is crucial for comprehending visual processing during natural active viewing.
  • Future research can leverage this method to explore visual processing under dynamic conditions.