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A cobalt-containing eukaryotic nitrile hydratase.

Salette Martinez1, Xinhang Yang2, Brian Bennett3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, PO Box 1881, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881, United States; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, 1068 W Sheridan Rd., Chicago, IL 60660, United States.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Proteins and Proteomics
|October 4, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers expressed a eukaryotic enzyme, Monosiga brevicollis nitrile hydratase (MbNHase), in E. coli. This functional enzyme, MbNHase, offers a novel biocatalyst for industrial amide production.

Keywords:
CobaltEnzyme kineticsHydrolysisNitrile hydratase

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Enzymology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Nitrile hydratase (NHase) enzymes are crucial for industrial amide synthesis.
  • Previously, NHases were only identified in prokaryotic organisms.
  • The existence and function of eukaryotic NHases remained largely uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To heterologously express and characterize the putative NHase from the eukaryotic choanoflagellate Monosiga brevicollis (MbNHase).
  • To investigate the structure, activity, and potential industrial applications of this novel eukaryotic NHase.

Main Methods:

  • Heterologous expression of MbNHase in Escherichia coli.
  • Size-exclusion chromatography to determine MbNHase quaternary structure.
  • Enzyme activity assays and homology modeling to identify active site residues.

Main Results:

  • MbNHase was successfully expressed as a single polypeptide with fused subunits.
  • The enzyme formed a functional (αβ)2 homodimer in solution.
  • MbNHase demonstrated full activity without requiring co-expressed activators or chaperones.
  • Homology modeling identified key cysteine residues in the active site.

Conclusions:

  • This study presents the first experimental characterization of a mature, active eukaryotic NHase with fused subunits.
  • MbNHase represents a distinct class of NHase, expressed from a single gene.
  • Its unique properties make it a promising alternative biocatalyst for industrial amide synthesis.