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Development of a neuroprotective potential algorithm for medicinal plants.

Weixi Liu1, Hang Ma2, Nicholas A DaSilva2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.

Neurochemistry International
|October 4, 2016
PubMed
Summary

A new algorithm (NPA) systematically evaluated Ayurvedic medicinal plants for Alzheimer's disease (AD) potential. Four extracts, including Phyllanthus emblica and Curcuma longa, showed significant neuroprotective effects, guiding future AD research.

Keywords:
Alzheimer's disease (AD)AntioxidantBeta amyloid (Aβ)Caenorhabditis elegansGlycationNeuroinflammation

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroscience
  • Ethnobotany

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) research lacks systematic methods for selecting medicinal plants.
  • Ayurvedic medicine offers a rich source of potential AD therapeutics.
  • Standardized evaluation of herbal extracts is crucial for identifying effective compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a Neuroprotective Potential Algorithm (NPA) for evaluating Ayurvedic medicinal plants against Alzheimer's disease.
  • To identify specific plant extracts with significant neuroprotective properties.
  • To provide a framework for guiding future research on plant-based AD treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a multi-assay NPA incorporating oxidative stress, carbonyl stress, glycation, amyloid-beta (Aβ) fibrillation, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, and neuroinflammation assays.
  • Screened 23 standardized Ayurvedic plant extracts using assays for polyphenol content, antioxidant capacity (DPPH, FRAP), carbonyl scavenging, anti-glycation, and anti-Aβ fibrillation.
  • Further evaluated top-scoring extracts (NPA score ≥40) for AChE inhibition, in vitro anti-inflammatory effects (BV-2 microglial cells), and in vivo neuroprotection (C. elegans).

Main Results:

  • The NPA successfully screened 23 extracts, identifying 12 with NPA scores ≥40 for further testing.
  • Four extracts, Phyllanthus emblica, Mucuna pruriens, Punica granatum, and Curcuma longa, achieved NPA scores ≥60.
  • These four extracts demonstrated neuroprotective effects in neuronal and microglial cell lines and reduced tau levels, with in vivo validation in C. elegans.

Conclusions:

  • The developed Neuroprotective Potential Algorithm (NPA) provides a systematic approach to identify promising medicinal plants for Alzheimer's disease research.
  • Phyllanthus emblica, Mucuna pruriens, Punica granatum, and Curcuma longa are highlighted as key candidates for further investigation.
  • The NPA can guide the selection of plant-based interventions for future AD studies, potentially accelerating therapeutic development.