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Predicting Rural Practice and Service to Indigent Patients: Survey of Dental Students Before and After Rural

C Ken Shannon1, Shelia S Price2, Jodie Jackson1

  • 1Dr. Shannon is Associate Professor Emeritus, Department of Family Medicine, West Virginia University; Dr. Price is Professor, Diagnostic Sciences, and Associate Dean of Admissions, Recruitment, and Access, School of Dentistry, West Virginia University; and Ms. Jackson is Director of Research, Institute for Community and Rural Health, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University.

Journal of Dental Education
|October 4, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Rural dental rotations increase students' likelihood of practicing in rural areas and serving indigent patients. These experiences enhance dental students' commitment to rural practice and underserved populations.

Keywords:
community-based dental educationdental educationhealth care accessoral healthrural healthunderserved patients

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Education
  • Rural Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Community-based clinical rotations in rural settings offer dental students exposure to diverse patient demographics and practice environments.
  • Understanding factors influencing dental students' choice of rural practice is crucial for addressing workforce shortages in underserved areas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify key predictors of dental students choosing rural practice.
  • To assess how rural rotations impact students' intentions to practice rurally and serve indigent patients.
  • To examine the relationship between rural practice intention and commitment to caring for underserved populations.

Main Methods:

  • An online survey collected pre- and post-rotation data from 432 dental students (88% response rate) at West Virginia University between 2001-2012.
  • Practice location data from the West Virginia Board of Dentistry were linked to student survey responses.
  • Statistical analysis identified predictors of rural practice site selection.

Main Results:

  • Intended rural practice, rural hometown background, and projected accessibility for indigent patients were significant predictors of rural practice.
  • Rural rotations increased students' likelihood of predicting a rural practice choice and providing greater accessibility to indigent patients.
  • Students with rural backgrounds or a strong service orientation were more likely to choose and enter rural practice.

Conclusions:

  • Dental school curricula incorporating rural rotations can enhance students' awareness of indigent patient needs.
  • Rural clinical experiences appear to positively influence dental students' decisions to pursue rural practice.
  • Targeted recruitment and educational strategies may increase the number of dentists practicing in rural and underserved communities.