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Cyclin D1, cancer progression, and opportunities in cancer treatment

Shuo Qie1, J Alan Diehl2

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 86 Jonathan Lucas St, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.

Journal of Molecular Medicine (Berlin, Germany)
|October 4, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Cyclin D1 regulates cell cycle progression and is often overexpressed in cancers. This review details cyclin D1

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Cancer Biology

Background:

  • Mammalian cells utilize three D cyclins (D1, D2, D3) as regulators of cyclin-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6.
  • These D cyclins control the G1 to S phase transition in the cell cycle, influenced by growth factor signaling.
  • Cyclin D1 is frequently dysregulated in human cancers, making it a key focus of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the transcriptional, translational, and post-translational regulation of cyclin D1.
  • To discuss the biological functions of cyclin D1.
  • To highlight mechanisms of cyclin D1 dysregulation in human cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on cyclin D1.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms governing cyclin D1 expression and function.
  • Focus on cancer-associated dysregulation pathways.

Main Results:

  • Cyclin D1 overexpression leads to aberrant CDK activity and uncontrolled cell proliferation.
  • Dysregulated cyclin D1 can bypass critical cell cycle checkpoints.
  • Multiple regulatory levels (transcriptional, translational, post-translational) contribute to cyclin D1 dysregulation.

Conclusions:

  • Cyclin D1 plays a critical role in cell cycle control and its dysregulation is a hallmark of neoplastic growth.
  • Understanding cyclin D1 regulation is crucial for developing targeted cancer therapies.
Keywords:
CDK4/CDK6CancerCyclin D1Post-translational regulationProteasome

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